Combine the milk, butter, clementine zest, cloves, brown sugar and raisins in a small saucepan.
Gently heat until the butter has melted and the sugar has dissolved.
Leave the mixture to cool until it is lukewarm (about 37°C or 98°F).
Remove and discard the cloves.
In a large bowl, mix together the flour, yeast, salt, ground cinnamon, ground nutmeg, ground ginger, and ground cardamom (if using).
Slowly mix the milk mixture into the flour mixture.
Add the egg.
Knead the dough on a lightly floured surface until it is soft and elastic in texture. If you have an electric stand mixer, you can knead the dough using the dough hook for about 10-12 minutes on the lowest speed.
If the dough is too wet, add some flour (about a tablespoon at a time) until the dough looks the right texture.
Lightly oil a large bowl.
Place the dough into the bowl, cover with a teatowel, and leave it to prove in a warm place for about 1 hour or until it has doubled in size.
Shaping the Dough
Generously grease a loaf pan with butter. I have used one which measures 23 x 13 cm/9 x 5 inches.
Once the dough has doubled in size, gently remove it from the bowl.
Divide the dough into 8 equal portions.
Roll each portion of dough into a ball.
Place the balls of dough into the loaf pan.
Place the loaf pan in a warm place to prove for 30 minutes or until the balls of dough have almost doubled in size.
Meanwhile, preheat the oven to 180°C/356°F (without fan).
Decorating the Loaf
To make the crosses, mix together the flour and enough water in a small mixing bowl until you have a thick paste, but which is still runny enough to push through a piping bag.
Fill a small piping bag with the paste.
Pipe a cross onto each bun. I do this by piping a line horizontally across all of the buns, and then vertically.
Baking the Loaf
Bake the loaf for 25-30 minutes, or until it is nicely golden on top.
Meanwhile, make the glaze by heating the water and sugar together in a small saucepan until it comes to a boil and the sugar has dissolved.
Brush the glaze over the loaf as soon as you take it out of the oven.
Kitchen Notes
MAKE AHEAD TIPS To start the dough the night before, make the dough as per the recipe. Place the bowl of dough (covered) in the fridge to proof overnight, or for at least 8 to 10 hours. During this time, it should have at least doubled in size. The next day, proceed with the rest of the recipe. As the dough will be cold, it may require a bit more time for the second proofing period.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF YEAST * Please note that there is a difference between instant yeast (also called instant dried yeast or fast-action dried yeast) and dried yeast (also called active dry yeast). If you are not sure what type of yeast you have, please check the packaging for instructions on how to use the yeast. * With instant yeast, you can add it directly to the flour mixture without having to activate it first. * With dried yeast, you will need to activate it first (usually in some warm liquid).
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FLOUR * Bread flour contains 11-13% protein content, which is required to develop more gluten in the dough, which in turn gives yeasted bread a nice, chewy texture. * For Swiss readers, I use Zopfmehl (or farine pour tresse) when making bread and enriched dough.
PROOFING THE DOUGH Dough needs a warm environment for the yeast to activate and cause the dough to rise. If you don't have a warm place in your home, try one of the following ideas: * In the oven with the oven light switched on (works only for some ovens). * In the oven with a tray of boiling water on the bottom shelf. * In the oven at a low temperature of about 25-40°C (77-104°F).
DRIED FRUIT You can also play around with the dried fruit content, or omit it completely for just a plain spiced bun.
STORAGE Hot Cross Buns are best eaten the day they are made. Any leftover hot cross buns can be stored in the freezer and toasted before serving.
OVEN TEMPERATURES All recipes on this website state temperatures for a regular oven (i.e. a conventional oven without fan). If you have a convection oven with a fan, please consult the manufacturer's handbook on how to adjust the temperature and baking time accordingly.